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However, this perception is a result of the hype put forth by promoters of UFC style fighting; it is not based upon fact. MMA fighting, like other types of modern sports, is a strictly controlled way of fighting with rules to help prevent serious injury. Some of the rules include:

• Weight classes

• Time limits and rounds

• Approved gloves

• Stoppage when opponent is unable to protect him or herself

• Mandatory drug testing

• No biting

• No head butting or kicking a downed opponent

• No knees to the head of a downed opponent

• No “fish hooking” of the mouth or nose

• No downward point of the elbow strikes

• No strikes to the spine or the back of the head

• No groin or throat strikes

• No eye gouging

• No small joint manipulation

As a result of these rules, two specific sports martial arts styles became the ones favored by competitors: Muay Thai, used for its stand-up punching and kicking, and Brazilian Juijitsu, used for its grappling techniques. Thus, these two arts are the primary arts that make up the mixed martial arts. Since both arts had already been optimized for ring competition before NHB style fighting became popular, it made it even easier to adapt their techniques to NHB type ring or cage fighting. By tailoring the rules and techniques used in MMA to these two arts, the practitioners of other arts were practically shutout of the competitions.

Due to the popularity, of the NHB matches, martial arts schools began tailoring their programs to fit the MMA type fighting so they could make more money, just as they had during the kung fu craze of the 1970’s and 1980’s. Now, in the 2000’s, the public believes that MMA fighting is the best type of fighting for self-defense.

While grappling may be effective under some circumstances, it is not appropriate under other circumstances. Most real fights seldom go to the ground; they usually end before ground fighting would ever occur

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